第十九章

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陈牧:寡人欲以夏侯恒为颖川太守,可乎?先生以为如何?萧凡:臣以为不可,夫治一国者,宜以一国为心,必若姻亲然后可用,则华夏九州,安得十女婿然后为政哉!且陟姻亲,旧制不得相监;夏侯恒之微劳,宜见酬报。陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。chenmu:IwouldliketoappointXiaHouhengasthemayorofYingchuan,Sir,whatdoyouthink?xiaofan:Ithink,Idonotapproveofyoudoingthis,Kingsshouldgoverntheircountrywithjusticeandfairness,Youshouldthinkinthenationalinterest,Ifyouonlyappointyourson-in-law,Thecountrywillnotbewellgoverned,Inthepast,iftherewasamarriagerelationship,thenpoliticsneededtoavoidsuspicion,Besides,XiahouHenghasfewmerits,Youshouldpayhiminsteadoftheposition。chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。陈牧:寡人为君,何如?请先生直言。萧凡:臣以为,大王聪明神武,天姿英睿,志存泛爱,引纳多途,然好善而不甚择人,疾恶而未能远佞。又出言无隐,疾恶太深,闻人之善或未全信,闻人之恶以为必然。虽有独见之明,犹恐理或未尽。何则?君子扬人之善,小人讦人之恶,闻恶必信,则小人之道长矣,闻善或疑,则君子之道消矣。陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教矣。chenmu:HowwellamIdoingasaking,Sir,pleasetellmethefacts。xiaofan:Ithink,Youareawise,courageous,benevolent,andinclusiveKing,Youvaluetalent,butyoucan'tdiscern,Youhatebadpeople,buttherearemanyvillainsaroundyou,Moreover,youspeakwithoutcarefulconsideration,Andyouaretooarbitrary,Someonedoesgood,butyoudon'tnecessarilybelieveinhim,Ifsomeonedoessomethingbad,youthinkitis,Youarewise,butyoudon'tseethewholepicture,Why?Agentlemanpreachesthemeritsofothers,Thevillainattackstheshortcomingsofothers,Ifyouareconvincedthatsomeoneelseisdoingbadthings,Thentherewillbemoreandmorevillains,Ifyoudoubtthatsomeoneelseisdoinggood,Thenthegentlemanwillleaveyou。chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧:寡人欲安定徐州,征引贤士,先生何以教我?萧凡:臣以为,孔衍、刘贺,此土之望,大王当谦以待之,以结其心,二子既至,则无不来矣。陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教矣。chenmu:IwanttorecruittalenttostabilizeXuzhou,Sirtaughtmehowtodoit?xiaofan:Ithink,KongYanandLiuHearefamouslocaltalents,Youshouldreceivethemwithhighcourtesyinordertogettheirhearts,Onlythenwillyoubeabletogetmorelocaltalent,Becauseofthis,Xuzhouwillalsobestable。chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧:今国用不足,寡人欲卖官鬻爵,可乎?先生以为如何?萧凡:臣以为不可,金银得官者,桓灵之举也,大王设官爵,当网罗天下英豪,与之共成王业,何有以官买金邪?非明主所为也。陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。chenmu:Today,thestatebudgetisindeficit,Iwanttomakemoneybysellingmypositions,Sir,whatdoyouthink?xiaofan:Ithink,Idonotapproveofyoudoingthis,Onlythekingofthedeadcountrywillmakemoneybysellinghisposition,TheHolyKingsetsupofficials,Youshoulduseittorecruitgreattalent,Then,youbuildmeritwiththem,Whysellpositionstomakemoney,That'snotwhataholykingshoulddo。chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。陈牧:寡人欲追尧舜之道,先生何以教我?萧凡:臣以为,道德之厚,莫尚于轩、唐,仁义之隆,莫彰于舜、禹。欲继轩、唐之风,将追舜、禹之迹,必镇之以道德,弘之以仁义,举善而任之,择善而从之。不择善任能,而委之俗吏,既无远度,必失大体。惟奉三尺之律,以绳四海之人,欲求垂拱无为,不可得也。故圣哲君临,移风易俗,不资严刑峻法,在仁义而已。陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。chenmu:IwanttolearnfromtheHolyKing,Sirtaughtmehowtodoit?xiaofan:Ithink,Intermsofmorality,noonecancomparetoXuanTang,Intermsofbenevolenceandrighteousness,noonecancomparetoShunyu,Ifyouaregoingtoemulatethem,Thenyouhavetopromotemorality,andupholdrighteousness,Youshouldselectpeopleandappointthem,Andyouneedtolistentotheirrightopinions,Ifnot,youwillnotreachtherealmoftheHolyKing,Ifyourelyontheruleoflawalone,youwillnotbeabletogovernthecountrywell,Therefore,theHolyKinggovernsthecountrybypromotingpositiveenergy,Theyrelyonmorality,notharshlaws。chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧:寡人闻,人君之治莫大于道德教化,何也?先生教我。萧凡:臣以为,非仁无以广施,非义无以正身。惠下以仁,正身以义,则其政不严而理,其教不肃而成矣。然则仁义,理之本也;刑罚,理之末也。仁义积,则致太平;刑罚积,则致危亡。是以圣帝明王,皆敦德化而薄威刑也。陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。chenmu:Iheard,Itisthemostimportantthingforthekingtopromotemoralityandeducation,Sirtaughtmewhy?xiaofan:Ithink,Ifyouarenotmerciful,youcannotfavortheworld,Ifyouarerighteousness,youcannotregulateyourself,Ifyoucandoboth,thenthecountrywillbewellgoverned,Politicsandeducationarenotharsh,buttheybothdevelopwell,Benevolenceandrighteousnessarefundamentaltogovernance,Penalpunishmentisthelowestlevelofgovernance,Ifyoupromotebenevolenceandrighteousness,thenthenationwillbeharmonious,Ifyouintroducepenalties,thenthecountrywillbeincrisis,Therefore,theHolyKingvaluedmoralityandeducationoverpunishment。chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧:今鱼蟹不供,寡人欲观渔于北海,可乎?先生以为如何?萧凡:臣以为不可,观大王所为,臣实痛心疾首。今齐民归晋之志未专,思齐之心犹甚;楚国咫尺,刺客纵横,帝王轻出,一夫敌耳。愿大王以社稷为念,改往修来,则天下幸甚!万民幸甚!陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。chenmu:Today,thecourtlacksfishandcrabs,IwanttogofishingintheNorthSea,Sir,whatdoyouthink?xiaofan:Idonotapproveofyoudoingthis,Ideeplyregretyourbehavior,AlthoughweoccupiedtheStateofQi,However,theyhavenotfullyidentifiedwithusyet,Theystillmisstheircountry,Moreover,theStateofChuwassnoopingonthesidelines,Theyhavesentalotofassassinsandspies,Itisnotsafeforyoutogooutandplayrashly,Iwantyoutoputyourcountryfirst,Thenitwillbetheluckoftheworldandpeople。chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。陈牧:寡人闻,得民心者,得天下,何也?先生教我。萧凡:臣以为然也,国不务大,而务得民心;佐不务多,而务得贤俊。得民心者民往之,有贤佐者士归之。文王请除炮烙之刑,而殷民从,汤去张网者之三面,而夏民从;汉王约法三章而秦人服;以其所为之顺于民心也。陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。chenmu:Iheard,Ifyouobeythewillofthepeople,thenyoucanconquertheworld,Sirtaughtmewhy?xiaofan:Ithinksotoo,CountriesarenotbigorsMall,Itspriorityistogainthesupportofthepeople,Thekeytoassistingministersisnotquantitybutquality,Onlybywinningtheheartsandmindsofthepeoplecanyougainthesupportofthepeople,Ifyouhaveagoodauxiliaryminister,othertalentswillfollowyou,KingWenrepealedthedraconianlaws,ThepeopleofYinKingdomarewillingtofollowhim,TheShangandHankingsdidthesame,Therefore,youmustwintheheartsandmindsofthepeople。chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

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